productive if they choose to become mothers. Even though motherhood temporarily handicaps their productivity, it is exactly this … cost of motherhood that signals the mothers' intrinsic high productivity. I explicitly refer to the academic labor market …

logarithm per capita output, above which fertility decline reverses, depends on subsidized child care, maternity pay, and the … important factors in an inverse J-shaped effect of economic growth on fertility. The analysis is robust to the introduction of … of per capita output. Demand for child quality continues to rise with wages despite fertility decline reversal …