Obtaining reliable data on capital is a recurring challenge when estimating economy-wide productivity growth, especially for developing countries. In this paper I construct energy-based productivity series which use energy consumption instead of capital when making such estimates. I first show...

We use a panel data set of 193 countries over 1990-2017 period, by employ the Seemingly unrelated regression (SUR), three stage least squares regression (3SLS), dynamic model two-step generalized method of moments and two-step system generalized method of moments approach to investigate the...