Due to a number of structural market shifts, a new context for European gas regulation has arisen. In this new context …, regulation must ensure adequate investments in a gas market that is dominated by producers, where political considerations are … with the old situation where a main emphasis for regulation was to sweat existing assets. This chapter's main question is …

infrastructure providers increases. After some years these providers are often confronted with stricter state regulation that impacts … their freedom of action and reduces their profitability. Providers often experience such stricter regulation as an … unexpected risk that could not have been prevented. This book casts a different light on state regulation. In a first step, it …