One issue the literature neglects is how outsourcing stimulates trade (imports, exports and foreign direct investment … Montesquieu in his L'Esprit des Lois, argued, "peace is the natural effect of trade." This paper first reviews this literature and …

One issue the literature neglects is how outsourcing stimulates trade (imports, exports and foreign direct investment … Montesquieu in his L?Esprit des Lois, argued, ?peace is the natural effect of trade.? This paper first reviews this literature and …

interdependence significantly promotes peace. It also suggests that the peace-promotion effect of bilateral trade integration is … bilateral trade but global trade openness also significantly promotes peace. It shows, however, that an increase in global trade … sharing borders. The main finding of the peace-promotion effect of bilateral and global trade integration holds robust when …

The commercial peace theory maintains that trade fosters peace because trade makes conflict more costly. However … promotes peace because those states may reduce trade with the challenger following military interventions, punish it by …