unemployment, several European economies display highly persistent unemployment dynamics. The theory of hysteresis challenges this … strong empirical evidence of unemployment hysteresis in advanced economies since the 1990s. Relying on an identification … unemployment rates to pre-shock levels. …

network (ARNN) unit root test (Yaya et al. 2021; Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics), to investigate unemployment … hysteresis in five European countries: France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Unit root tests applied in … plausibility of nonlinearity in the unemployment rate of these European countries. The results show non-rejection of unemployment …