We introduce the concept of the post-merger integration duration (PMID) which is the time delay that it takes a merged entity to fully capture synergistic gains. Using a dynamic model, we examine the effects of this duration on acquiring firms' financing behavior around mergers. When facing a...

We model dynamic bank capital structure under three optimally-designed regulatory regimes dealing with potential default { bailout, where government provides capital; bail-in, using private-sector funds; and no regulatory intervention, allowing failure. Only under optimally designed bail-in do...

Bank bailouts are not the "one-shot" events commonly described in the literature. These bailouts are instead dynamic processes in which regulators "catch" financially distressed banks; "restrict" their activities over time; and "release" the banks from restrictions at sufficiently healthy capital...