) in NT disputes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of this burden for trade liberalization and for the … environment, in a situation where imports may cause environmental damage. The paper finds that there may be a tension between NT … and environmental concerns, but that this is not likely to arise in the context of severe threats to the environment. In …

What explains private investment in autocracies, where institutions that discourage expropriation in democracies are … parties promote investment by solving collective-action problems among a designated group, who invest with the expectation … that the autocrat will not attempt their expropriation. We derive conditions under which autocrats want to create such …

, however, can be used as an indicator for how likely investors believe government expropriation is in particular industries …