By addressing three of the most common debates surrounding indicators, this paper attempts to progress the reflection on KRIs for the financial industry. It insists on the identification of risk drivers prior to any effective risk management and suggests four types of metrics leading to...

The internet era has generated a requirement for low cost, anonymous and rapidly verifiable transactions to be used for online barter, and fast settling money have emerged as a consequence. For the most part, e-money has fulfilled this role, but the last few years have seen two new types of...