I study the relationship between competition and innovation, focusing on the distinction between product and process … competition and innovation, which focused on process innovations. New products allow firms to differentiate themselves from one … another. I demonstrate that the competition level that creates the most innovation incentive is higher for process innovation …

We study how deposit competition affects a bank’s decision to securitize mortgages. Exploiting the state …-specific removal of deposit market caps across the US as a source of competition, we find a 7.1 percentage point increase in the …