Human capital raises rural incomes, but this effect is swamped by higher returns to human capital in urban markets. This leads to 'brain drain' from rural areas. Populations grow more rapidly in rural counties that have a diversified employment base. Farm population grows faster (or declines...

Conventional R&D-based growth theory suggests that productivity growth is positively correlated with population size or population growth, an implication which is hard to see in the data. Here we integrate micro-founded fertility and schooling into an otherwise standard R&D-based growth model....

Conventional R&D-based growth theory suggests that productivity growth is positively correlated with population size or population growth, an implication which is hard to see in the data. Here we integrate R&D-based growth into a unified growth setup with micro-founded fertility and schooling...