Introduction: Taking structure seriously -- Structure and its measurement in econometrics -- Theory, structure and models -- Two strands of demand analysis -- Trygve Haavelmo and measuring the structure of the consumption function -- Milton Friedman and the emergence of the permanent income...

What is science and what can it do? Nancy Cartwright here takes issue with three common images of science: that it amounts to the combination of theory and experiment; that all science is basically reducible to physics; and that science and the natural world which it pictures are deterministic....