This chapter draws inferences from the recent literature on open-economy macroeconomics about policies to achieve sustainable economic growth with stable external account balances and low inflation in small developing economies

The most recent literature on aid effectiveness finds a positive effect of aid on growth. To the extent that aid goes through the budget, this either reflects an aid-financed increase in government expenditures (quantity effect) or an improvement in the use of government resources as a result of...

Aid is said to be fungible at the aggregate level if it raises government expenditures by less than the total amount. This happens when the recipient government decreases domestic revenue, decreases net borrowing, or when aid bypasses the budget. This study makes three contributions to both...

The most recent literature on aid effectiveness finds a positive effect of aid on growth. To the extent that aid goes through the budget, this either reflects an aid-financed increase in government expenditures (quantity effect) or an improvement in the use of government resources as a result of...

Benabou (2002) strengthens the so-called Efficient Redistribution Hypothesis (ERH) by demonstrating how income redistribution can promote growth and welfare by mitigating economic waste from resource misallocation that is caused by credit market frictions to production, which is subject to...

Scholars have been active in investigating causes and consequences of austerity policies. We examine how economists use the term “austerity” in scientific studies and measure austerity in empirical analyses. The sample includes around 3,500 journal articles published in the top 400 journals...

Parental education largely determines a child's opportunity to learn. However, a higher level of trust and a higher frequency of social interactions between adults with significantly different educational attainments shrinks the knowledge-gaps among the adults, making their human capital more...

Liquidity may be a serious challenge to growing nations especially in the absence of foreign aid or other necessary assistance like access to borrowing. This paper introduces the Invisible Reserves Theory which states that, “A country that is locked in a depression during the absence of...