The year 2020 is a critical year for sustainable development policy and practice with the review and renewal of various international commitments including the Sustainable Development Goals, the Convention on Biological Diversity and the Paris Agreement. The post-2020 agenda needs to be informed...

In this paper we study the effect of international technology spillovers on carbon leakage. We first develop and analyse two simple competing models for carbon leakage. The first model represents the pollution haven hypothesis. It focuses on the international competition between firms that...

A consistent mapping of all complex ramifications (including direct and indirect effects) of variousgreenhouse policies in an open institutional economy requires the use of a general equilibriumframework. From the existing set of available equilibrium models we have selected the...