innovation. Yet, denying patents on research inputs can frustrate patent law’s broad goal to protect and promote advances in …The patent system gives the courts discretion to tailor patentability standards flexibly across technologies to provide … optimal incentives for innovation. For chemical inventions, the courts deem them unpatentable if the chemical lacks a …

Innovation and Institutions is an extensive elaboration on the make up of systems of innovation. It examines why some … countries are more innovative than others, why national styles of innovation differ, and goes on to explore why some countries …

Can weakening patent protection incentivize innovation? I investigate the effects of weakened patent protection on … innovation at public firms by exploiting differential exposure to the Supreme Court decision Alice v. CLS bank. I employ a … relative to control firms that are less exposed. I provide causal evidence that innovation, measured by R&D, responds …