A major reason behind crowding in emergency departments (ED) is non-urgent patients' visits to ED. In this paper we … investigate how non-urgent ED visits are influenced by patients' imperfect perception of their urgency and their self … where heterogeneous patients with imperfect perceptions choose between an expensive/congested ED and less expensive general …

planner cannot differentiate between agent types). We find that decentralized economy produces an endogenous lockdown in which … economic activity decreases. We find that the decentralized economy will begin its lockdown sooner than what the optimal policy …

pandemic's toll on the economy and mortality. A timely, limited lockdown solves the coordination failure allowing policymakers …