This paper analyzes the interconnection between elites and its effects on economic growth. For decades, the bureaucratic elite has been joining the business elite after leaving office, and this in growing numbers. This relationship has been termed "the revolving door" in English, "pantouflage"...

Do more open financial economies grow faster? The short answer is yes, as long as certain policies are in place. This paper extends previous studies by analyzing how different legal protections interact with each other and with initial wealth to allow financial openness to enhance growth. I...