The subject of this article is technical barriers to trade (TBT) provisions in preferential trade agreements (PTAs). More precisely, it inquires into TBT provisions in PTAs that go beyond the scope of the rules enshrined in the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) TBT Agreement. To this end, it...

Some pro-Brexit MPs will not vote for the government's proposed Withdrawal Agreement because of its fine print: they think it will be written in indelible tablets of law that we can never change. But they forget that sovereign states will not indefinitely stay in treaties that do not suit them,...

We study the endogenous network formation of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements by means of hypergraphs and introduce the equilibrium concept of multilateral stability. We consider multi-country settings with a firm in each country that produces a homogeneous good and competes as a...