, particularly from an economic standpoint. In this regard, pharmaceuticals are not generally traded in what might be described as a … with the overall regulatory schemes. A drug that is not approved for marketing in a particular country does not become so … because it is imported. Parallel trade (i.e., imports and exports) in pharmaceuticals takes place in markets that are …

pharmaceuticals to examine how incumbents respond to change in the threat of entry. In line with the entry deterrence motive …