Especially in the short-term, prices in natural gas markets are not exclusively determined by overall supply and demand, but also by the availability of the transport infrastructure. If transportation capacity is scarce, prices may form in (local) residual markets and can differ regionally. If...

Purpose: The liquefied natural gas (LNG) business comprises a number of economic activities with inherent risks. This paper proposes an integrated modelling approach, as part of the investment decision making process, for optimising economic returns from LNG whilst taking into account...

Electricity markets rely on other upstream energy markets like oil, gas, and coal to provide the necessary fuel for generation. As both the electricity market and those upstream markets rely on networks, congestion on one market may lead to changes on another. In this paper we analyze the...