In this paper, we develop a corporate accessibility measure for publicly listed firms in China based on their responses to outside market participants' attempts to communicate with them (via telephone, e-mail, and online discussion forum), and examine whether the provision of corporate...

Anthropogenic production and operating activities give off heat and emit thermal infrared radiation (TIR) as a fundamental result of the laws of thermodynamics. This study examines whether the strength of TIR measures the dynamics of economic activities and development. Using satellite data on...