Higher education is not just a signal of innate ability. At least a certain level of educational achievement (degree level, degree mark) is strictly required to perform a graduate job. School leavers fall into two categories, the rich and the poor. Ability is distributed in the same way in both...

Confronted with a failing firm, a politician sets a bailout to maximize his reelection chances. The voters among the firm’s stakeholders reward him for the bailout, while the remaining voters punish him in the elections since they finance the bailout via taxes. The firm also employs non-voting...

This study examines the effect of regulatory independence of the central bank in shaping the impact of electoral cycles on bank lending behaviour in Africa. It employs the dynamic system Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) Two-Step estimator for a panel dataset of 54 African countries over the...