productivity, while import liberalization has ambiguous effects. Resource misallocation can either amplify, dampen or reverse the … productivity gains. Guided by theory, we provide evidence consistent with these effects operating through reallocations across … firms in the presence of distortions: (i) Both export and import expansion increase average firm productivity, but the …

values of the standard Solow productivity residual. The equivalence holds if the representative household maximizes utility … while taking prices parametrically. This result justifies total factor productivity (TFP) as the right summary measure of … Britain, Italy, and Spain), using industry]level (EU]KLEMS) and firm]level (Amadeus) data. After adding further assumptions …