Mohamed, Elwasila Saeed Elamin - In: Economies : open access journal 8 (2020) 4/99, pp. 1-21
. Long run Granger causality tests show a unidirectional causal relationship running from resource rents to GDP growth as … well as from development expenditure to GDP growth. School enrollment, life expectancy and financial development are found … to be negatively Granger causing GDP growth. Long run causal relationships reconfirm that a resource curse exists …