drug use conduct norms. Conceptualization centres on the short and long-term implications of heroin's reported resurgence … on emergent street drug markets …

Drug addiction reflects abnormal operation of normal neural circuitry. More than physical dependence, addiction … growing biological understanding of addiction, it is critical for scientists to play an active role in drug policy because, as … strategies for a rational, customized approach to drug addiction …

scarce, people face difficult choices. This general concept holds true in the field of drug addiction treatment as well …. Since drug use and its consequences are associated with substantial health problems and social costs in Europe and worldwide …, health care and societal costs are central issues in the treatment of drug use. Public program administrators and clinicians …