Ukraine in 2019-22. However, total export, determined by the model, considerably exceeds imports, so actually we expect a … surplus. This is very important for the National Bank: its policy based on the official (legal) negative balance of Ukraine … Ukraine: measuring actual rates of changes in the production of these types of goods during the year, they provide …

Using state-level data on productive and unproductive entrepreneurship, shadow economy size, and public official … (higher) levels of informal economic activity. Additionally, I aim to connect entrepreneurship, shadow economy size, and …