A common approach in the design of experiment for the problem of comparing two means from a normal distribution is to assume knowledge of the ratio of the population variances. The optimal sampling ratio is proportional to the square root of this quantity. In this paper it is demonstrated that a...

Counterfactual distributions are important ingredients for policy analysis and decomposition analysis in empirical economics. In this article we develop modeling and inference tools for counterfactual distributions based on regression methods. The counterfactual scenarios that we consider...

The present article describes the approaches and definition of the concept of uncertainty proposed by its authors, a quantitative evaluation of uncertainty, and materials of the empirical study used to explore the said issues on the example of macroeconomics of Georgia. We hope that the views...