We examine asset prices in a representative-agent model of general equilibrium. Assuming only that individuals are risk … averse, we determine conditions on the changes in asset risk that are both necessary and sufficient for the asset price to … incomplete in the sense of containing an uninsurable background risk, such as a risk on labor income. We extend our model to show …

paradigmassumes that any investment strategy has its own "inherent reward" and "inherent risk" that can be judged with common sense …. Ijustify axiomatically the existence and uniqueness (ratio scale)of inherent reward (U) and inherent risk (D) that could … beregarded as universal measures of reward and risk for any giveninvestment strategy. Incorporating the notion of …