As the largest greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme in the world, the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) is a benchmark for carbon prices worldwide. A price for carbon represents a cost for emissions-intensive activities under the EU ETS, which must be taken into account by...

This paper describes the best way to improve the optimization of spatial databases: through spatial indexes. The most commune and utilized spatial indexes are R-tree and Quadtree and they are presented, analyzed and compared in this paper. Also there are given a few examples of queries that run...

In this Perspective, I review arguments that broadband providers may be anticompetitively imposing usage-based pricing to protect their profits from “core” services (e.g., voice, video, texting) against the proliferation of “over the top” services and, as such, new price regulation of...

Understanding the factors affecting the direction of innovation is a central aim of research in the economics and strategic management of innovation. Progress on this topic has been inhibited by difficulties in measuring the location and movement of innovation in ideas space. To date, most...

What is a disruptive innovation? This study confronts this question here by presenting different approaches, which endeavor to explain the dynamic behavior of disruptive technologies in competitive markets. Firstly, this study introduces destructive technology as a radical innovation, based on...

Despite the appreciation of the exchange rate, the eight Central and Eastern European countries (the CEE-8) that entered the European Union in May 2004 have achieved a decade of impressive export growth, expanding significantly their shares of world markets. Does this mean that the real exchange...

Evolution of technology is a stepwise advancement of a complex system of artifact, driven by interaction with sub-systems and other systems, considering technical choices, technical requirements and science advances, which generate new and/or improved products or processes for use or consumption...

A fundamental problem in the field of the economics of innovation is how to explain the sources of path-breaking innovations that support the human development and socioeconomic progress in complex societies. The study here confronts this problem by developing the theoretical framework of global...

Using rich product level data on prices and quantities at the establishment level for Colombia, complemented with information on input use, we develop a methodological approach to decomposing output and sales growth over an establishment's life cycle. Our approach measures output at the...