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Integration may be viewed as an evolutionary outgrowth of heightened social and economic interdependence brought about by advances in technology. As persons, goods, capital, services and ideas cross artificial national frontiers at increased rates of speed, the wisdom of imposing disparate...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013113113
Standards often require the use of patented technologies. Holders of standard-essential patents (SEPs) typically commit to make their patents available on "fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory" (FRAND) terms. National competition authorities increasingly intervene against perceived FRAND...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012844600
Trade liberalization has proceeded on the assumption that eventual aggregate welfare gains will exceed the losses. While compensatory mechanisms exist in most countries, they tend to be underfunded and ineffective. To begin to address this problem, the direct beneficiaries from trade...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013241712
Standards often require the use of patented technologies. Holders of standard-essential patents (SEPs) typically commit to make their patents available on "fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory" (FRAND) terms. National competition authorities increasingly intervene against perceived FRAND...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012161498
updating WTO rules; negotiating a digital trade agreement; expanding and deepening regulatory cooperation on key related policy …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012982686
Drawing on Transaction Costs Economics, this paper develops a new approach to conflict of law rules. It outlines a concept of constitutional uncertainty in international trade and presents a model of international transactions in the presence of a diversity of legal orders. We develop a general...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014071789
A sizeable literature analyzes the appropriate interpretation of FRAND commitments for standard-essential patents. With few exceptions, the literature disregards international dimensions, despitethe fact that most standards are used in international markets. This paper uses a simple...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013296624
The China - Raw Materials dispute recently arbitrated by the WTO opposed China as defendant to the US, the EU and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010419928
environmental policies and the multilateral trading system. In particular, it analyses some of the difficulties the WTO Dispute … failures, be ruled consistent with multilateral trade law. This paper argues that WTO law in theory provides appropriate tools … interpretations of certain WTO rules in the context of environmental disputes. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010205556
. But in reality, most WTO disputes involve disagreements of interpretation concerning the agreement, or instances where the … agreement is simply silent. And some have suggested that the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) might serve a useful purpose by …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003725209