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Does democracy encourage free trade? It depends. Broadening the franchise involves transferring power from non-elected elites to the wider population, most of whom will be workers. The Hecksher- Ohlin-Stolper-Samuelson logic says that democratization should lead to more liberal trade policies in...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012731145
There are two main types of protection costs, "natural costs", such as transportation costs, and imposed costs, such as tariffs and embargoes. Imposed costs have been used for a variety of reasons including raising state revenue and protecting domestic producers. Reducing "natural" protection...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013148845
Can oil discovery shocks affect the demand for protectionism? An intertemporal model of Dutch disease indicates that if … the tradable sector is politically dominant then an oil discovery can induce protectionism. If the economy is also credit …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012545111
This paper provides new estimates of the effects of corruption and poor institutions on trade protection. It exploits data on several measures of trade protection including import duty, international trade taxes, and the trade-GDP ratio. The paper complements the literature on the relationship...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012730020
general and protectionism in particular have been written from a utilitarian perspective. Indeed, it would only be a slight … overstatement to say that the only works written about protectionism have been written from a utilitarian perspective. The reason … for this fact is that most analyses on protectionism are written either by economists or by people who adopt the ideas of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012980538
of commodities. However, mainstream economic theory does not rule out protectionism as a welfare maximizing policy option … level. The main argument for protectionism is that of infant industry; industries in newly developing countries can only … of the nation imposing tariffs retaliate with a tariff on imports. Choosing or rejecting protectionism should be an …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014198807
We provide a synthesis of the theoretical models that study the use of escape clauses, also known as safeguards, in multilateral and preferential trade agreements. We consider models that explain this type of flexibility based on economic efficiency, political economy shocks, and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014023452
We develop a method to measure the incidence of monopolistic markup distortions in the global economy. Using semi-parametric formulas, we measure how trade modifies the deadweight loss of markups through two channels: (1) trade-induced change in markup dispersion, and (2) international...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014583781
During the last decades, the United States has applied increasingly high trade protection against China. We combine detailed information on US antidumping (AD) duties — the most widely used trade barrier — with US input-output data to study the effects of trade protection along supply...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013251244
This study revisits the trade and welfare effects of 19th century bilateralism exploiting the latest developments in structural gravity models, including the consideration of domestic trade. Using bilateral trade data between 1855 and 1875, I show that the Cobden-Chevalier network, i.e. a system...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013222420