theories of fairness and reciprocity capture these forces. We find that cooperators' punishment is almost exclusively targeted … towards the defectors but the latter also impose a considerable amount of spiteful punishment on the cooperators. However …, spiteful punishment vanishes if the punishers can no longer affect the payoff differences between themselves and the punished …

contributions mechanism with punishment (VCMP). We eliminate 'dynamic economic linkages' between the two stages of our "modified …" VCMP to rule out other potential explanations. We use a beliefs-based model, rooted in psychological game theory, to derive …

We present the results of an experiment that measures social preferences within couples in a context where intra …

This paper presents results from a prisoner's dilemma game experiment with a third party punisher. Third party … punishment was frequently observed, in line with previous studies. Despite the prevalence of punishment, having one third party … punisher in a group did not make one's defection materially unbeneficial because of the weak punishment intensity observed …

preferences in an incentive-compatible manner over voluntary contribution mechanisms with and without reward and punishment … payoffs are significantly greater when punishment is allowed but that only a small minority of participants prefers such an … ; voluntary contribution ; risk, loss, and ambiguity aversion ; preference elicitation ; reward and punishment …

monitors'). We review the literature on the relative merits of punishment and rewards when the distribution of incentive power … evidence showing how concentrating reward/punishment power in one group member affects cooperation. …

the accountable state by conducting a two-level public goods experiment in which civic engagement can build a sanction …