The article discusses the limited number of cases where the use of algorithms was found to be a factor that contributed to collusion. We discuss the difficulties that competition agencies face in addressing such conducts, with particular focus where there is no direct communication between...

Buyer power may provide a countervailing force to enhanced seller power, and unless it leads to successive power, it may lead to lower prices in the downstream market. However, buyer power may also be socially detrimental when it is not in the presence of strong seller power. In that case it may...

This article will start with presenting the Commission's approach towards efficiencies in mergers. The three above-mentioned EC cases will be analysed in order to assess the extent to which the Commission takes efficiencies into account in its merger assessment. Subsequently, the article will...

In this article we will evaluate whether the application and the efficiency of two types of empirical analysis in the assessment of mergers in jurisdictions applying the dominance and the SLC tests are different due to the application of the different legal substantive test. Thus, we will...

In the last two decades, empirical analysis has played a continuously increasing role in competition policy. Several factors account for these developments, such as the enhanced quantity and quality of data available as well as the increased focus on the possibility of competitive harm arising...

This article will analyse the issue of the assessment of the likelihood of a merger in a cartelised market inducing or enhancing coordinated effects.Although there is decisional practice on the impact of past coor- dination on the assessment of a merger's likelihood of inducing coordinated...