Immigration policies in western democracies have often been contrary to the policies predicted by the mainstream theory … defection from worker-supported political-establishment parties to new-entrant anti-immigration political candidates and parties …

Netherlands, which implies that all migrants are (self)-employed at the time of arrival. We find that many migrants leave the … the dynamics. Microsimulations of synthetic cohorts reveal that many migrants experience unemployment spells, but ten … only increase the unemployment among migrants but also departure from the country. Scenarios also indicate that an increase …