Data is processed into information, and information is utilized for decision-making as knowledge. So knowledge should be represented in a familiar manner. There are various ways of knowledge representation in a knowledge base system. Since our world is moving towards enhancement in technology...

In response to the increasing popularity and economic impact of companies in the Internet ecosystem, the Federal Trade Commission is being implored with vocal but factually vacant calls to revisit its approach to antitrust, and in particular market power, barriers to entry and anti-competitive...

In 1999, the FCC largely deregulated middle-mile or "special access" enterprise communications services, resulting in explosive growth of new competitors using new technologies, including cable, fiber-optics, and high-speed Ethernet loops. But in recent years the agency has expressed increased...

This paper identifies substantial flaws in how U.S. government agencies and courts assess the impact of proposed mergers by firms using broadband networks to reach consumers. Based on current market definitions, consumer impact assessments and economic doctrine, antitrust enforcement agencies...

Recent claims that online platforms have secured permanent monopolies, protected by barriers to entry from network effects and stockpiles of data, and should be the focus of intense antitrust and regulatory scrutiny, are inconsistent with the economics, technology, and history of online...

This paper provides an overview of recent developments in algorithmic antitrust, and the economics and legal issues raised in the areas of abuse of dominance, algorithmic pricing and collusion, and mergers and acquisition. The general theme is that while much has been made of the possible...

Since its founding in 1995 Amazon has become a leader in eCommerce, cloud computing services, and interactive devices for individuals and homes. In this study, we document the critical steps in Amazon's development in each line of business. Our review yields insights on (i) how Amazon responded...

An important concern is that algorithms can inadvertently discriminate against minority groups and reinforce existing inequality. Typically, the worry is that when classification algorithms are trained on a dataset that itself reflects bias this may reinforce bias. However, in the world of...

We hypothesize, and examine empirically, two types of association between organization capital and firm life cycle. Are firms with high organization capital more likely to be in a particular stage of their life cycle than firms with low organization capital? Are firms' transitions from one life...

Consumer review systems have become an important marketing communication tool through which consumers share and learn product information. Although there is abundant evidence that consumer reviews have significant impact on product sales, the design of consumer review systems and its impact on...