This chapter provides a literature overview on the use of input-output (I-O) analysis in efficiency and productivity measurements. The exposition covers both the traditional I-O modeling framework and its extension to frontier-based I-O approach that adds elements of frontier analysis into the...

In regulation of network services such as the distribution of electricity, gas and water prices have traditionally been based on own costs of companies. Recently a few regulatory bodies in Europe started to use yardstick competition, a scheme that links prices to the performance of other...