Economic and social theorists have modeled race and ethnicity as a form of personal identity produced in recognition of … race and ethnicity is potentially endogenous because racial and ethnic identities are fluid. We look at the free African … race individuals then choose whether or not to adopt that mulatto identity. Adopting a mulatto identity generates pecuniary …

Economic and social theorists have modeled race and ethnicity as a form of personal identity produced in recognition of … race and ethnicity is potentially endogenous because racial and ethnic identities are fluid. We look at the free African … race individuals then choose whether or not to adopt that mulatto identity. Adopting a mulatto identity generates pecuniary …

, racial income disparities, and segregation. The use of race as a signal arises here, as in models of statistical … transactions, racial signaling can emerge with only minimal assumptions about the ex ante importance of race. In a search framework … in turn perpetuates the informational asymmetries. Minority groups necessarily suffer disproportionately from segregation …