market due to commuting, which, in turn, affects fertility. The analytical model, decomposing spatial interaction of … fertility and commuting, is constructed on the base of a model of the demand for children, spatial stock-flow model, and a …

commuting distance using the socio-economic panel data for Germany between 1997 and 2007. Endogeneity of commuting distance is … only reduce their commuting costs by reducing total labour supply. However, a labour supply model which also allows for … optimally chosen daily hours implies that commuting costs increase daily hours, whereas the effect on total labour supply is …

Germany like many other European countries subsidize commuting by granting the right to deduct commuting expenses from … urban sprawl characterized by suburbanization of residences and jobs, increasing commuting distances and spatial city growth …. -- Urban general equilibrium model ; commuting subsidies ; income tax deduction …

mode choice, travel related CO2 emissions and institutional details regarding the tax system in Germany are taken into … predominantly automobile. In contrast, pure commuting subsidies hardly affect aggregate urban welfare, but distributional effects … ; commuting …

will be illustrated with real-world applications on German commuting data. Also presented is a possible way of computation …

distance using the socio-economic panel data for Germany between 1997 and 2007. Endogeneity of commuting distance is accounted … reduce their commuting costs by reducing total labour supply. However, a labour supply model which also allows for optimally … chosen daily hours implies that commuting costs increase daily hours, whereas the effect on total labour supply is ambiguous …