redistribution featuring direct income transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered …-enforcing under large gains from trade and high proportions of arid land. While such principles fostered the expansion of trade within …This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine and in turn …

redistribution featuring direct income transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered …-enforcing under large gains from trade and high proportions of arid land. While such principles fostered the expansion of trade within …This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine and in turn …

model where an unequal distribution of land quality in presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from … transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered a merely static redistribution …This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine. We build a …

model where an unequal distribution of land quality in presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from … transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered a merely static redistribution …This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine. We build a …

systematically larger along the pre-Islamic trade routes in the Old World. The theory argues that this particular type of geography … economic performance. It suggests that the unequal distribution of land endowments conferred differential gains from trade … to institute a system of income redistribution. However, a higher propensity to save by the rich would exacerbate wealth …