How successful are the SEC’s attempts to regulate dynamic risk in financial markets? Using mutual fund disclosure data from two financial shocks—the Puerto Rican debt crisis and COVID-19—we find evidence that SEC open-ended regulations, like the obligation to disclose changing market...

This paper proposes neither a critique nor a review of the 2010 Supreme Court decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission. Rather, this paper acknowledges that the Supreme Court has spoken on the issue of corporate First Amendment rights in the context of independent expenditures...