increases average productivity. Furthermore, under the first specification exposure to trade always has a positive effect on …

-generating tariffs to study the aggregate and distributional consequences of tariff wars in a unified framework. Motivated by the 2018 …-equilibrium tariff are about 16 percent. Multilateral trade negotiations lead to zero cooperative tariffs and free trade. No country can … worker interests with weights incorporating factual "autonomous rate" tariffs, then trade talks lead to positive cooperative …

in which traders operate.Binding tariffs at the WTO reduces the scope for their discretionary use. But, countries have … bound tariffs at ceiling levels often substantially above the level of applied tariffs. Therefore, whether the ceiling rate …. Using a recently built database on applied tariffs covering over 100 countries for the period 1996 to 2009, we find evidence …

they willmove towards free trade, while providing some flexibility for trading offreductions in peak tariffs against …

countries through links in global supply chains. We combine data from inputoutput relationships, imports and tariffs, to … calculate the impact of the tariff increases by both the US and China on cumulative tariffs for other countries and thus hurt …‐exported to third countries. The most heavily hit third countries are the closest trade partners, namely Canada and Mexiko. We …

This paper constructs a two-country model to investigate how tariff policy influences productivity growth through … productivity of investment in innovation. We show that the relationship between tariff policy and economic growth depends on the … industrial share of the country where the policy is implemented. In addition, examining the welfare effects of tariffs, we find …