of the receiving country. We test the empirical implications of our model using patent data in renewable and fossil … Moment estimator. We show that knowledge transfer through patent duplication increases with the level of IPR protection, but … more sensitive to uncertainty. Commitment to EPs also increases the incentives for patent duplication. The magnitude of the …

We analyze the use of patent protection as a new policy to direct technical change to clean technology. Contrary to … popular belief, it is dirty (and not clean) innovations that should be excluded from patent protection to reduce emissions. In … the shortrun, removing patent protection on dirty technology increases emissions. However, the reduced markup on dirty …

energy R&D expenditures. Technological innovation is measured using patent counts for specific technologies related to energy … likelihood to patent. Governmental energy R&D support has a small positive significant effect on patenting activities …