The problem of compliance with treaty obligations has been an area of active study in international environmental law because of its importance to the effectiveness of environmental treaties. This paper examines the problem of enforcement as an important and distinct component of compliance....

While negotiations on a global deal to curb greenhouse gas emissions continue in slow motion, the pace of climatic change gains momentum. Higher than ever atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations1 increase the likelihood and frequency of extreme weather events, as well as the probability of...

Global climate change is a multi-faceted international crisis that requires creative and flexible regulatory solutions. Addressing the principal anthropogenic cause of climate change—carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels—has been the focus of the international response to...

A central issue in environmental law is the choice among regulatory instruments. From Pigou to Coase to the present, scholars have debated the relative merits of liability rules, property rules, technology standards, taxes, subsidies, and tradeable allowances. An emerging scholarly consensus in...