The consequences of multinational corporations (MNCs) for human rights protection are poorly understood. We propose that the motives and behaviour of MNCs vary across industries. Extractive firms go where the resources are, which creates a status quo bias among them when it comes to supporting...

Under extraterritorial sanctions the sanctioning country extends its policies to trade of third countries with the sanctioned country. A prominent example is former US President Trump's decision to leave the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), a multilateral agreement with Iran. The...

Promotion of foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade liberalization on both global and regional levels has been considered to be beneficial for the economic development of developing countries. Current WTO rules support regional trade liberalization and prohibit certain trade-related...

This paper discusses the normative foundation of a global competition regime. It asks: What kind of normative values do we need? What objectives ought we to pursue? Why value economic competition at such a tough time as this? Are the disputes on these issues in the US and EU jurisdictions likely...

What does global trade mean for the environment of any particular place? It can produce place-based transformations that are both positive and negative. The Kuznets curve is often touted as a solution that resolves the conflict between trade promotion and environmental protection by purporting...

Trade liberalization has proceeded on the assumption that eventual aggregate welfare gains will exceed the losses. While compensatory mechanisms exist in most countries, they tend to be underfunded and ineffective. To begin to address this problem, the direct beneficiaries from trade...