equilibrium counterfactual exercise. Each of the episodes, sanctions against Iran, Russia and Myanmar, are instructive in their …Economic sanctions are a frequently used tool of foreign policy. Constraining trade flows towards or from the target … country is supposed to coerce its government into changing certain policies. However, sanctions constitute an obstacle to …

While broad economic sanctions have long been used as instruments of foreign policy, targeted sanctions focusing on … under sanctions where the target government may be incentivized to “shield” some firms from the full brunt of sanctions …. Then, using detailed firm and individual-level data, this paper empirically estimates the impact of targeted sanctions …

renewed US pressure on banks from third countries dealing with Russia. The effectiveness of trade sanctions crucially hinges … countries. Our calculations suggest that in 2023, the share of sanctioned CHP items that Russia was able to obtain ranged from …

estimate the impact on firm performance from smart sanctions deployed by the U.S. and EU against Russia beginning in 2014. We …How effective are “smart” sanctions in imposing costs on an adversary? We consider this question in a model where a …-strategic firms under sanctions, implying a cost of shielding to the regime that adds substantially to the total cost of sanctions. …

estimate the impact on firm performance from smart sanctions deployed by the U.S. and EU against Russia beginning in 2014. We …How effective are "smart" sanctions in imposing costs on an adversary? We consider this question in a model where a …-strategic firms under sanctions, implying a cost of shielding to the regime that adds substantially to the total cost of sanctions. …

approach, focusing on the utilities and dis-utilities of sanctions in general or on a specific sanction. While this paper also … aspects of sanction policy, the paper also applies other ethical approaches to evaluate whether sanctions pass the ethical …Numerous articles have been written on economic sanctions over the past few decades. Most papers take an overall …

goods and weight of machinery exported to Russia were significantly higher with sanctions in place suggesting that their …Geographic neighbors of sanctioned countries (targets) may suffer from indirect effects of sanctions or benefit by … helping targets circumvent restrictions. I study the effects of sanctions on trade among neighbors and targets using data from …

Under extraterritorial sanctions the sanctioning country extends its policies to trade of third countries with the … game-theoretic model to explain the emergence of extraterritorial sanctions. Such trade sanctions i) do not arise when the … emergence of extraterritorial trade sanctions. …