particular, we propose to test the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for a panel of 24 OECD countries and 32 non … semiparametric panel data model. Our results corroborates that the nature and validity of the income–pollution relationship based on …

A semiparametric fixed effects model is introduced to describe the nonlinear trending phenomenon in panel data analysis … well as an input-output data set. Cross-sectional dependence, nonlinear time trend, panel data, profile likelihood …