smaller training costs, so that the welfare implications of each type of economy are a priori ambiguous: no model dominates …

with respect to the ability of their employees when training is certified by credible external institutions. We apply an … institutions at that the end of apprenticeship training can be signalled to outside employers. Apprenticeship graduates however … cannot signal their work-related ability – measured by a small voluntary bonus paid by the training employer – to the outside …

data on participants in training, in a work practice program and in subsidized employment. One result is that enrolling an …

In this paper the issues from the personnel economics has been investigated. The issues such as training of workers …