This paper argues that the apparent contradiction in current conceptualizations of time in organizations (e.g., Chronos vs. Kairos) is only apparent, and that a synthesis between these opposing poles is both possible and desirable. We propose improvisation (where time to plan converges with time...

1. Introduction -- 2. Objective View of Time and Temporality: Time as a Tool for Organizing -- 3. Subjective Time as Subjectively Perceived Temporal Dimensions of Objective Time -- 4. Temporality – Endogenous and Subjective -- 5. Socially Constructed Time and Social Time as a Context -- 6....