The import and export price indices of an economy are usually compiled by some Laspeyres type index. It is well known that such an index formula is prone to substitution bias. Therefore, also the terms of trade (ratio of export and import price index) are likely to be distorted. The underlying...

This study analyses the evolution of household income inequality in Brazil from 1977 to 2013 using the Brazilian National Household Survey data at aggregated and regional levels. Four income share quantiles are analysed: Top 1%, Top 10%, Bottom 10%, and Bottom 50%. The novelty of our study lies...