The objective of this study is to predict unemployment in Indonesia in the wake of the demographic dividend. The sample used in this study is the unemployment data from 1990 to 2022 from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics database. Using non-seasonal ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated...

This paper considers the problem of testing for structural changes in the trend function of a univariate time series without any prior knowledge as to whether the noise component is stationary or contains an autoregressive unit root. We propose a new approach that builds on the work of Perron...