We propose an estimation strategy that accounts for two major problems raised in the empirical literature testing for the prevalence of the inverted U-shaped relation between environmental degradation and economic activity, namely the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. First, we use...

This paper examines the relationship among real GDP, CO2 emissions, and energy use in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Using annual data for the years 1960-2013, stationarity, structural breaks, and cointegration tests have been conducted. The empirical evidence strongly...